Total enrolment in a level of education, regardless of age, as a percentage of the official school-age population for that level.

Formula

Enrolment (all ages, level) / Population (official age, same level) × 100

Notes

Can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged learners.

Enrolment of the official age group for a level, as a percentage of the population in that same official age group.

Formula

Enrolment (official age, level) / Population (official age, same level) × 100

Notes

Cannot exceed 100% since only official school-age students are counted. The gap between GER and NER reflects the proportion of over-aged and under-aged learners.

The average number of pupils per teacher at a given education level in a school year.

Formula

PTR = Number of pupils / Number of teachers

Notes

A lower PTR generally indicates more teacher availability per student, but interpretation depends on how 'teacher' is defined (e.g., qualified, trained, or full-time equivalent).

Average number of pupils per classroom at a specific level of education in a given school year.

Formula

PCR = Number of pupils / Number of classrooms

Notes

Interpret with caution as multi-shift schooling, common in lower primary, can inflate PCR values.

Average number of pupils per textbook at a specific level of education

Formula

Pupil-to-textbook ratio = total_students / textbooks

Notes

Textbooks = SUM(book.number) WHERE book.category = 'STUDENT' AND book.state = 1 (from sdms.book)

Average number of students per computer at a specific level of education

Formula

Student-to-computer ratio = Number of students / Number of computers

Notes

Source: sdms.computer.number + sdms.smart_class_room (laptops, desktops) WHERE state=1 (Active computers)

Average number of pupils per qualified teacher at a specific level of education in a given school year.

Formula

Pupils per qualified teacher = Number of pupils / Number of qualified teachers

Notes

Qualified teachers sourced from sdms.staff (considered_qualification, staff_type) and sdms.staff_registration (status), where qualification level meets the minimum requirement for the school level.

Average number of pupils per trained teacher at a specific level of education in a given school year.

Formula

Pupils per trained teacher = Number of pupils / Number of trained teachers

Notes

Trained teachers derived from sdms.staff (considered_qualification) and sdms.staff_registration (status), where qualification is teaching-specific.

The average number of years that a teacher have continuously worked at a specific school.

Formula

Average tenure = Sum of all teacher tenure years / Total number of teachers.

Notes

Tenure sourced from sdms.staff (employment_start_date) and sdms.period (start_date), calculated as years between employment start and academic year start date.

The average number of years that a teacher have worked in the education sector, regardless of the schools they previously served.

Formula

Average years of experience = Sum of all teachers years of experience / Total number of teachers

Notes

Years of Experience sourced from sdms.staff (employment_start_date_in_education) and sdms.period (start_date).

The count of teaching staff at a given level (or across levels when aggregated).

Notes

Source: sdms.staff where role is teacher. Note that only teachers are allocated to a school level.

Total staff is teaching staff (Number of teachers) plus non-teaching staff. At school level the two counts are the same; the distinction appears only when aggregating across levels (e.g. when "All" is selected in the Comparator).

Formula

Total Staff = Number of teachers + Number of non-teaching staff

Notes

Non-teaching staff is accounted for. In the Comparator, Total Staff is shown only when "All" is selected; for a specific level only Number of teachers is shown to avoid duplication.

Share of a cohort that completes the last grade of a given education level.

Formula

Completion rate = Completers of last grade / Population at official completion age × 100

Notes

Definitions vary (administrative vs household data). State the method if different.

Proportion of pupils enrolled in a given grade and school year who move to the next grade (or pass the exit exam) the following school year.

Formula

Promotion rate = Promoted (grade g) / Enrolment (grade g) × 100

Notes

Sourced from sdms.student_registration (decision) and sdms.ex_results_publication (division); a student is promoted where decision = 'PROMOTED' for non-exit grades, or exam division = 'PASS' for exit grades (P6, S3, S6, L5, Y3).

Proportion of pupils enrolled in a given grade and school year who study in the same grade the following school year.

Formula

Repetition rate = Repeaters in grade g (year t+1) / Enrolment in grade g (year t) × 100

Notes

Sourced from sdms.student_registration (decision) and sdms.ex_results_publication (division); a student is a repeater where decision = 'REPEATED' for non-exit grades, or exam division = 'FAIL' for exit grades (P6, S3, S6, L5, Y3).

Students are counted as dropouts if their student_registration_id appears in one academic year but not in the next.

Formula

Dropout rate = Dropouts (grade g) / Enrolment (grade g in previous year) × 100

Notes

Sourced from sdms.student_registration (student_id, academic_year_id); a student is a dropout if registered in the current year but absent from sdms.student_registration in the following academic year. Excludes exit grade (S6).

A teacher who has the minimum academic qualifications needed to teach at a particular educational level. In pre-primary and primary: at least an Advanced Secondary certificate (A2). Lower secondary: at least a university diploma (A1). Upper secondary: at least a Bachelor's degree (A0).

Notes

Teacher qualification is derived from the 'considered_qualification' column in the SDMS staff table.

A teacher who has fulfilled at least the minimum organized teacher-training requirements (pre-service or in-service) to teach at a specific level of education. In other words, a qualified teacher with pedagogical skills.

Notes

Trained teacher status is derived from the 'considered_qualification' column in the SDMS staff table, checking for entries containing '%TEACHING%'.

Staff members who are not teachers, such as administrative staff, support staff, and other non-instructional personnel.

Notes

Non-teaching staff are not allocated to specific school levels, which is why no school level analysis shows non-teaching staff. They are only available when viewing data aggregated across all school levels.

A group of students who follow a common course of study. Example: under a double-shift program in primary education, a single classroom accommodates two separate classes—one in the morning and another in the afternoon.

A physical room within a school where teaching and learning activities take place.

Notes

Sourced from sdms.room (id, room_usage), filtered to active classrooms only.

The number of students who receive meals at school through the feeding programme.

Notes

Sourced from sdms.cgsf (day_students, boarding_students) joined with sdms.cgsf_request (status), totalling day and boarding students where request status is Created, Approved by District, or Submitted for Payment. In some locations (especially sectors), students fed can exceed total students: a student may register for school feeding at one school, transfer, and register again at another, leading to double counting. This is a known system limitation.

The proportion of students passing the national exam compared to the total number of students who sat for the exam.

Formula

Pass rate = Number of students who passed / Total number who sat × 100

Pre-primary: 3–5 years; Primary: 6–11; Lower secondary: 12–14; Upper secondary: 15–17 years. These ages define the official age groups for level-specific indicators such as NER.

Any student with 2 years or more above the corresponding official age for the grade in which they are enrolled.

Formula

Overage = student age minus official age for the grade.

Notes

Sourced from sdms.student (date_of_birth), sdms.period (start_date), and analytica.right_age (right_age). Previously overage was defined as 1+ years above official age; the 2-year threshold was adopted in 2021 due to COVID-19 school closures.

Includes: general upper secondary (sciences, humanities, and languages combinations); professional upper secondary (TTCs option, Associate Nursing program, accounting); and TVET from L3 to L5.